Manila free essay sample

Figure in state-space where the output is OL(t). 8. Show that the system in the previous Figure in the text yields a fourth-order transfer function if we relate the displacement of either mass to the applied force, and a third-order one if we relate the velocity of either mass to the applied force. 9. Find the state-space representation in phase-variable form for each of the system shown in the Figure. 10. For each system shown in the Figure, write the state equations and the output equation for the phase-variable representation. 11. Represent the following transfer function in state space. Give your answer in vector-matrix form. 12. Find the transfer function G(s)=Y(s)/R(s) for each of the following systems represented in state space. 13. Use MATLAB to find the transfer function, G(s)=Y(s)/R(s), for each of the following systems represented in state space. 14. Repeat problem 13 using MATLAB, the Symbolic Math Toolbox, and Eq. We will write a custom essay sample on Manila or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (3. 73). 15. Gyros are used on space vehicles, aircraft, and ships for inertial navigation. The gyro shown in the Figure is a rate gyro restrained by springs connected between the inner gimbal and the outer gimbal (frame) as shown. A rotational rate about the z-axis causes the rotating disk to precess about the x-axis. Hence, the input is a rotational rate about the z-axis, and the output is an angular displacement about the x-axis. Since the outer gimbal is secured to the vehicle, the displacement about the x-axis is a measure of the vehicle’s angular rate about the z-axis. The equation of motion is: Jxd2Oxdt2+DxdOxdt+KxOx=JwdOzdt Represent the gyro in state space. 16. A missile in flight as shown in the Figure, is subject to several forces, thrust, lift, drag, and gravity. The missile flies at an angle of attack, a, from its longitudinal axis, creating lift. At the same time, the manipulator must provide sufficient force to perform the task. In order to develop a control system to regulate these forces, the robotic manipulator and the target environment must be modeled. Assuming the model in the Figure, represent in state-space the robotic manipulator and its environment under the following condition. a. the manipulator is not in contact with its target environment. b. the manipulator is in constant contact with its target environment. 22. In the past, Type-1 diabetes patient need to inject themselves with insulin three to four times a day. New delayed-action insulin analogues such as insulin Glargine require a single daily dose. A similar procedure to the one described in Pharmaceutical drugs absorption case study of this chapter is used to find a model in concentration time evolution of plasma for insulin Glargine. For specific patient State space model matrices are given by: Where the state vector is given by a. Find the system’s transfer function. b. Verify the result using MATLAB. 23. A linear, time invariant model of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis of the endocrine system with five state variables has been proposed as follows: 4. In this chapter, we described the state-space representation of single input single output systems. In general, systems can have multiple inputs and multiple outputs. An autopilot is to be designed for a submarine in the Figure to maintain a constant depth under severe wave disturbances. We will see that this system has two inputs and two outputs and thus the scaler u becom es a vector, u, and scaler y becomes a vector, y, in the state equations. 25. Experiments to identify precision grip dynamics between the index finger and the thumb have been performed using a ball-drop experiment. A subject holds a device with a small receptacle into which an object is dropped, and the response is measured. Assuming a step input, it has been found that the response of the motor subsystem together with the sensory system is with the form: Convert this transfer function into a state-space representation. 26. State-space representation are, in general, not unique. One system can be represented in several possible ways. For example, consider the following systems: Show that these systems will result in the same transfer function.

Definition and Examples of Deductive Arguments

Definition and Examples of Deductive Arguments Deduction is a method of reasoning from the general to the specific. Also called deductive reasoning and  top-down logic. In a deductive argument, a conclusion follows necessarily from the stated premises. (Contrast with induction.) In logic, a deductive argument is called a syllogism. In rhetoric, the equivalent of the syllogism is the enthymeme.​ Etymology From Latin, leading Examples and Observations The fundamental property of a deductively valid argument is this: If all of its premises are true, then its conclusion must be true also because the claim asserted by its conclusion already has been stated in its premises, although usually only implicitly.Scientific Deduction and Rhetorical DeductionFor Aristotle, scientific deduction differs in kind from its  rhetorical  counterpart. True, both are conducted according to the laws of thought. But rhetorical deduction is  inferior for two reasons: it starts with uncertain premises, and it is enthymematic: it generally relies on audience presuppositions to supply missing premises and conclusions. Because conclusions cannot be more certain than their premises and because any argument is deficient in rigor that relies on audience participation for its completion, rhetorical deductions can yield at best only plausible conclusions. . . .Syllogisms and EnthymemesVery rarely in literary argument do reasoners make use of the complete sy llogism, except to render perfectly apparent the premises from which the conclusion is deduced, or to show some fault in reasoning. Deductive arguments take various forms. One premise, or even the conclusion, may not be expressed if obvious enough to be taken for granted; in this case, the syllogism is called an enthymeme. One of the premises may be conditional, which gives the hypothetical syllogism. A syllogistic argument may be involved in a statement with its reasons, or with its inferences, or may be diffused throughout an extended discussion. To argue effectively, with clearness and cogency, the reasoner must have his deductive framework clearly in mind at every point of his discussion, and keep it before the reader or hearer. Pronunciation di-DUK-shun Also Known As Deductive Argument Sources H. Kahane,  Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric, 1998Alan G. Gross,  Starring the Text: The Place of Rhetoric in Science Studies. Southern Illinois University Press, 2006Elias J. MacEwan,  The Essentials of Argumentation. D.C. Heath, 1898